Instead, the Sun will become a dense stellar remnant called a white dwarf.īut if, hypothetically, the Sun suddenly became a black hole with the same mass as it has today, this would not affect the orbits of the planets, because its gravitational influence on the solar system would be the same. The Sun will never turn into a black hole because it is not massive enough to explode. What if the Sun turned into a black hole? Image credit: NASA/CXC/M.Weiss | More info ›Ħ. This gas forms a disk of hot gas around the black hole, and the wind is driven off this disk at 20 million mph, or about 3% the speed of light. This artist's impression shows how the strong gravity of the black hole, on the left, is pulling gas away from a companion star on the right. NASA’s Chandra X-ray observatory detected record-breaking wind speeds coming from a disk around a black hole. But scientists have observed black holes ripping stars apart, a process that releases a tremendous amount of energy. ![]() At the same time, the immense gravity of the black hole would compress you horizontally and stretch you vertically like a noodle, which is why scientists call this phenomenon (no joke) "spaghettification."įortunately, this has never happened to anyone - black holes are too far away to pull in any matter from our solar system. It certainly wouldn't be good! But what we know about the interior of black holes comes from Albert Einstein's General Theory of Relativity.įor black holes, distant observers will only see regions outside the event horizon, but individual observers falling into the black hole would experience quite another "reality." If you got into the event horizon, your perception of space and time would entirely change. What would happen if you fell into a black hole? When a star passes close enough to be swallowed by a black hole, the stellar material is stretched and compressed as it is pulled in, releasing an enormous amount of energy. ![]() The black hole is surrounded by a ring of dust. This illustration shows a glowing stream of material from a star disrupted as it was being devoured by a supermassive black hole. It can take less than a billion years for one to reach a very large size, but it is unknown how long it takes them to form, generally. More mysterious are the giant black holes found at the centers of galaxies - the "supermassive" black holes, which can weigh millions or billions of times the mass of the Sun. ![]() Mergers like these also make black holes quickly, and produce ripples in space-time called gravitational waves. A neutron star can also merge with a black hole to make a bigger black hole, or two black holes can collide. These relatively small black holes can also be made through the merger of two dense stellar remnants called neutron stars. How long does it take to make a black hole?Ī stellar-mass black hole, with a mass of tens of times the mass of the Sun, can likely form in seconds, after the collapse of a massive star. Because its light had to travel a very long distance, scientists were observing it at a period when the universe was less than 2 billion years old, just 14% of its current age (almost 14 billion years have passed since the Big Bang). The galaxy’s mass, however, is considered normal. The black hole at the galaxy’s center is nearly 7 billion times the mass of our Sun, placing it among the most massive black holes discovered. In 2015, researchers discovered a black hole named CID-947 that grew much more quickly than its host galaxy. The immense gravity of black holes also distorts space itself, so it is possible to see the influence of an invisible gravitational pull on stars and other objects. Matter is heated to millions of degrees as it is pulled toward the black hole, so it glows in X-rays. NASA's telescopes that study black holes are looking at the surrounding environments of the black holes, where there is material very close to the event horizon. No light of any kind, including X-rays, can escape from inside the event horizon of a black hole, the region beyond which there is no return. How can we learn about black holes if they trap light, and can't actually be seen? Image Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/Roma Tre Univ.ġ. This supermassive black hole has been extensively studied due to its relatively close proximity to our galaxy. ![]() The X-ray light is coming from an active supermassive black hole, also known as a quasar, in the center of the galaxy. High-energy X-rays (magenta) captured by NASA's Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array, or NuSTAR, are overlaid on visible-light images from both NASA's Hubble Space Telescope and the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. Galaxy NGC 1068 is shown in visible light and X-rays in this composite image.
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![]() Note that another way of getting the same result, using a technique we've already used before, is unfolding the cube and looking at the "raw material" of our new irregular polyhedra. The faces became their dual, and the corners became whatever one got by slicing half way through an edge. Thus, our edge-dual polytope has 6 regular diamonds and 8 re For a cube, this process transforms each square into its "dual" diamond and each corner into a triangle (we sliced off a regular tetrahedron). "shaving" or slicing off the corners (vertices). I then realized that in the process I was doing two things: i) creating a new shape out of each original face, and ii) creating a new shape by effectively Originally I drew a cube, marked the centers of edges and connected them. Take note of the interesting way that this type of duality includes the original type of duality in a dimension one less than the one we're working in. This type of duality involves connecting the center of edges rather than faces. In three space another type of polyhedral duality exists, creating irregular polyhedra (polyhedra composed of more than one type of regular two dimensional polygon) rather than regular ones. More tetrahedra will be created by connecting to the eight triangles on the outside of the "inner octahedron". When we add the last cube with its centered vertex, 8 Trahedra as i) half of the 16-cell, the tetrahedra of which will become regular when the cubes are folded into a hypercube, or ii) a skewed perspective view looking into the bottom half of a 16-cell. But we know now, from both analogy and process, that the 16-cell is also ii) two octahĮdrons sharing the same "base surface" (base surface being the outer crust / shell / armor of the octahedron, analogous to the "base diamond" before, which was the outer edges of the "diamond based pyramid" base diamond). We know from experience (and from "Beyond the Third Dimension") that the dual to the hypercube is the 16-cell, which is i) a composition of 16 regular tetrahedrons. When we connect the centĮrs of the cubes to create the dual (just the seven cells first), we get eight right tetrahedra sharing the same vertex, which is the center point of the "inside" cube. The dual to the hypercube will have a vertex at the center of each cell in the hypercube, so we mark those points. The folded out hypercube will haveĨ cubes aligned in a very similar cross pattern with one internal cube that is "opposite" the last external cube. We can now do this for other three dimensional polyhedra, but I'd rather move directly to the hypercube instead (haven't checked out the other 3D polyhedra yet, but would assume similar results would be achieved). When we add the last square with its centered vertex, four more triangles will be created (which are difficult to represent in the plane) by connecting to the four outer squares (just like the inside square did). So we can look at our four right triangles as i) half of the octahedron, the triangles of which will become equilateral when the squares are folded into a cube, or ii) a perspective view looking into the bottom half ofĪn octahedron. We know that the dual to the cube is the octahedron, which is i) eight equilateral triangles, and ii) two "diamond" (note: diamond and square are same thing in 2 space, and in this case diamond is more appropriate) based pyra Rs of the squares to create the dual (just the five squares first), we get four right triangles connected in the plane sharing a common vertex. The dual to the cube will have a vertex at the center of each face, so we mark those with points. A cube fold out will have six squares aligned in the cross pattern. Start with a cube because of its level of intuitive quality. An interesting strategy I stumbled upon is one that deals with examining duality by looking at the figures fold outs. It can be difficult to get a good look at what is really going on when dealing with polytopes in three and four dimensions. I want to continue discussing duality in both dimensions here. Ting centers of 2D faces (squares in cube), while in four dimensions a dual is usually created by connecting centers of 3D cells (cubes in hypercube). ![]() One of the main points was how duality changes context when it is considered in different dimensions: in three, duals are created by connec Much of my discussion for chapter five (last week) focused on polyhedral duality in three and four dimensions. Michael Matthews: Reflections Michael Matthews: Reflections ![]() About id Software id – defined by Freud as the primal section of the human psyche id Software, located in Mesquite, Texas, was founded in 1991. As BJ Blazkowicz, a highly decorated member of the Office of Secret Actions (OSA), you are sent on a special mission into the heart of the Third Reich to investigate evidence that the SS hierarchy may possess a new and mysterious power. About Wolfenstein Wolfenstein brings the Nazi's dark obsession with the occult to life, by intertwining fast-paced, intense story-driven combat with a diverse sci-fi experience. "Bill crafted the perfect soundtrack when we previously worked together on Return to Castle Wolfenstein and his experience and passion for the franchise will once again allow him to deliver an incredible score that draws the player deeper into the Wolfenstein universe." Wolfenstein is scheduled for release later this year on Xbox 360, PS3 and PC and is not yet rated. It makes the Proto-Soldiers look like child's play."Bill was the natural choice to create a soundtrack that emphasizes the fast-paced action of Wolfenstein while enhancing the overall mood during key moments and getting players fully immersed in the adventure," says Kevin Cloud, executive producer at id Software.
![]() This will mitigate fireflies in reflections and refractions. If possible, use environment lighting with larger, less intensive light sources. A lower number of small, strong lights means less fireflies. Avoid using unrealistically bright lights, especially if they are small. They can also appear with a correct light and material setup, when there is a small light source, such as the sun, reflecting in an object:įireflies are visible on the surface of the sphere and it its reflection in the pink box. To learn more about the UHD Cache and how to use it in animations, see How to use the UHD Cache? ( Max | C4D )įireflies are single bright pixels which usually appear if incorrect light setup or high material glossiness values are used. Make sure you are using the "Animation (flicker-free)" preset in the UHD Cache settings rollout. Make sure your Secondary Solver in the Performance tab of the Render Setup window is set to UHD Cache. Splotches can be caused by various issues. If you see it, it indicates that there is an issue in the scene setup or a bug. Generally, flickering is unwanted and should never appear. It can show as a change in brightness of the whole image from frame to frame, large splotches, or pixel-sized fireflies. I’m going to use a bit of unfinished lip sync from my taz animated part as reference.Flickering is a broad term which usually refers to the appearance of flashing or unsteadiness in an animated sequence. They’re just gifs so no sound, but you should still be able to tell that he’s saying “I’d say a solid B… Solid B minus.”Īnyone who’s looked up how to do lip sync has seen phoneme charts. When you do lip sync, you want some kind of reference to make sure it’s right Phonemes are just the shape your mouth makes when you make certain sounds. What’s easiest is to say it yourself and pay attention to the shapes your mouth is making. Since you’re going frame by frame, your audio is slow enough that you can make each shape slowly and distinctly and you can get each individual phoneme down in the animation. Don’t do this.^Īn easy way to tell if you’re animating lip sync wrong is if you run out of frames to make each shape. You don’t need them! Making each shape is unnatural. People talk quickly and the mouth doesn’t have the time to get into each shape. These are reference charts to show the differences more clearly Not only does the 2nd gif take less frames and energy to make, it’s more relaxed, it looks less distracting, and his lips are much easier to read! They blend together, sometimes to the point where the shape doesn’t change at all! This is the difference between getting swallowed up in every last detail and paying attention to reality. Before that we have to create image as we want our GIF to look like. What matters more than hitting every syllable is making it look natural and flow with the acting. If you need to make animation with sound, youll have to create a video for that. ![]() That’s why anime mouth flaps can work so well. I figured out how to upload gifs from fire alpaca. A strong pose through the whole body matters more than one mouth shape. here’s one i made in a couple days, it’s 11 frames each had 4 layers and is in 10fps. DO NOT REPOST OR USE thx reblogs are cool tho :D. Animation cartoon 2d animation firealpaca gif my art my animations my ocs oc: naomi. ![]() I love that character, and I wanna be in that world with him. I think that Robert Downey Jr.’s portrayal of Tony Stark is maybe the best superhero portrayal we’ve had, and just to be in that world, and I just want to work with him, if I can, while not even being Starlight. Honestly, I can’t lie, it would be the first Iron Man film. This isn’t the first superpowered rodeo for either of you, but if Starlight and Kimiko could visit any superhero movie, where would you want them to show up?Įrin: Uh… uh… okay, I feel like it would just have to be with my favorite superhero films. Both Erin and Karen get to kick a lot more ass nowadays, and they also have a reaction to that weekly-episode controversy. Not only does she seek vengeance for her brother’s death, but she’s also connecting more with her fellow vigilantes. Whereas Kimiko finally gets to step out of the shadows this year to gain more of the spotlight. ![]() In particular, Starlight puts up with a lot of garbage: the sexy-costume thing, and attempting to dodge Homelander’s threats on the regular, all after last season’s sexual assault by The Deep. We chatted with Erin Moriarty ( Jessica Jones) and Karen Fukuhara ( Suicide Squad) amid their characters’ conflict-filled season. And we’re gonna get a spinoff, so that’s cause for celebration. Hopefully, the finale will also result in showrunner Eric Kripke feeling less pushback against this season’s weekly format (that also includes an aftershow led by Aisha Tyler). ![]() In the season finale (airing on October 9), Starlight and Kimiko both throw down in a climactic scene that should roundly please fans. That’s all the better for Aya Cash’s Stormfront to swoop into the power vacuum, even as Erin Moriarty’s Starlight works behind the scenes to expose Vought’s misdeeds to the world.Įlsewhere, The Boys vigilantes continue to churn towards vengeance, and that includes Karen Fukuhara’s Kimiko coming into her own power. Meanwhile, their leader (Antony Starr’s Homelander) is still corrupt as hell while feeling rootless. One plot point involves Vought International pushing the “Girls Get It Done” campaign to publicly champion its female heroes. Amazon Prime’s super-cynical take on superhero culture, The Boys, roared back to life in August with a deeper (and still graphic) second season based upon Garth Ennis’ comic book series. ![]() How to Delete a Deceased Loved One’s IMVU Accountīecause IMVU has been around for a long time, there is a clear process for deleting accounts after people have passed. Additionally, unsubscribe from all emails to avoid getting further messages. If you don’t anticipate using IMVU again, delete your existing username and password from your password manager. If you leave your account idle for a long time, it will be permanently terminated. This email includes a link you can use to reactivate your account in the future. ![]() You should receive a confirmation email about your account termination. Last but not least, check the email inbox associated with your account. If you have multiple accounts, repeat these steps above for all of them. Receive the success messageĪssuming you enter your password correctly, you should receive a success message confirming that your account has is deleted. If this is correct, enter your account password to confirm. On this screen, you’ll see a confirmation of your avatar name. You can find this under your account details or through this direct link. Once you securely log in, visit the Delete Account page through IMVU. Instead, you must follow the process below: 2. You cannot delete your account temporarily. Note that if you have several IMVU accounts, you’ll need to complete this process for each one. You’ll need your user information to delete your account. If you don’t know your login information, reset it at this time. Log into your accountįirst, you must log in to your IMVU account, which needs to be done on a web browser through a desktop or laptop computer. When you’ve decided it's time to delete your account, follow the steps below: However, once your account is deleted, you won't have access to your virtual avatar, chatroom logs, and more. Deleting your account is usually a very simple process. If you want to know how to delete your IMVU account, you're in the right place. Luckily, it’s a straightforward process to delete an IMVU account for yourself or a loved one using the steps below. Unfortunately, it can also lead to trouble in the wrong hands. When it comes to online platforms, IMVU can be a lot of fun. Whether you’re protecting your information or acting on executor duties, you might be ready to delete an IMVU account. Additionally, IMVU is often used by scammers, hackers, and those with malicious intentions. First, these accounts aren’t appropriate for underaged users, though many younger people populate the virtual chat rooms. There are a lot of valid reasons why you might decide to close an IMVU account. ![]() Frequently Asked Questions: Deleting an IMVU Account.How to Delete a Deceased Loved One’s IMVU Account.However, you might also wonder how to delete an IMVU account. Created in 2004, IMVU is one of the oldest virtual games used to meet people from across the globe. Through the game, you explore virtual worlds designed to immerse players in a unique experience. Nowadays, online gaming has never been more popular or more accessible. |
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